Balancing sustainability goals and treatment efficacy for PFAS removal from water

     The paper of the day reviews the need of balancing the sustainability goals and removing PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) from water. PFAS are persistent organic pollutants with exceptionally strong carbon-fluorine bonds, making them resistant to degradation under environmental conditions. The review evaluates various PFAS treatment technologies, highlighting their environmental, economic, and social impacts. Adsorption methods (activated carbon, ion-exchange resins) capture PFAS, while membrane filtration provides high removal but generates waste. Advanced oxidation (TiO₂, ozone, hydroxyl radicals) and electrochemical degradation aim to break down PFAS chemically. Thermal treatments ensure destruction but require high energy, whereas coagulation/precipitation assist in removal but are less effective alone. The review stresses the need for holistic evaluations considering environmental and economic impacts.